17 worked answers · short steps first, explanations when you need them
Indigo: the Champaran Episode
Textbook pages
Question Think as You Read
Which descriptions of Rajkumar Shukla are correct: sharecropper, politician, delegate, landlord; poor, physically strong, or illiterate?
Steps only
Use the opening account of Shukla’s work and visit to Congress.
Distinguish his persistence from his social position.
Answer
He was a poor, illiterate sharecropper and Congress delegate; he was determined, not a landlord or politician.
Question Think as You Read
Which places did Gandhi visit between first meeting Shukla and arriving in Champaran?
Steps only
Follow Shukla’s journey with Gandhi.
List the stops in order.
Answer
Lucknow, Cawnpore, Gandhi’s ashram near Ahmedabad, Calcutta, Patna, then Champaran.
Question Think as You Read
What rent arrangement did the British landlords impose, what did they later demand, and why?
Steps only
State the 15 per cent indigo condition.
Explain the compensation demand after synthetic indigo was developed.
Answer
Tenants had to grow indigo on 15% of their holdings; landlords then demanded compensation to end the arrangement when synthetic indigo threatened their profits.
Question Think as You Read
What effect could synthetic indigo have on the price of natural indigo?
Steps only
Compare a new manufactured substitute with the natural crop.
Explain what increased competition could do.
Answer
It could reduce demand for natural indigo and lower its price.
Question Think as You Read
What did Gandhi do after officials ordered him to leave Champaran?
Steps only
Recall how he responded to the notice.
Explain what happened when he appeared in court.
Answer
He stayed, accepted the court summons, and peacefully challenged the order; the peasants’ support showed their growing courage.
Question Think as You Read
Why did Gandhi agree to accept a 25 per cent refund for the peasants?
Steps only
Notice the planters first offered less than Gandhi demanded.
Explain why the act of refund mattered beyond the amount.
Answer
The refund’s symbolic value mattered more than its size: it made landlords admit wrongdoing and gave peasants confidence.
Question Think as You Read
How did the Champaran episode change the peasants’ situation?
Steps only
Consider the refund and the end of sharecropping.
Include the change in the peasants’ confidence.
Answer
Peasants gained confidence and rights; indigo sharecropping eventually ended, and village improvement work began.
Question Understanding the Text
Why did Gandhi consider the Champaran episode a turning-point in his life?
Steps only
Recall that he challenged the British order in his own country.
Connect the local struggle with later methods of action.
Answer
It showed Gandhi that peaceful resistance could challenge British authority and help ordinary people overcome fear.
Question Understanding the Text
How did Gandhi influence the lawyers? Give examples.
Steps only
Recall his criticism of their high fees and reliance on courts.
Explain how they changed their actions.
Answer
He challenged their high fees and reliance on courts; they chose to support him and help investigate the peasants’ cases.
Question Understanding the Text
What does the response of people in smaller towns show about attitudes toward advocates of home rule?
Steps only
Use the peasants’ gathering at Motihari.
Explain why their action was significant.
Answer
People may have known little about national politics, but local injustice could bring them together to support freedom and rights.
Understanding and Talking about the Text
Textbook pages
Question Understanding the Text
How does the chapter show that ordinary people contributed to the freedom movement?
Steps only
Identify Shukla’s role in bringing Gandhi to Champaran.
Include the peasants’ support and evidence.
Answer
Shukla, peasants, lawyers, and volunteers helped bring the issue forward, provide evidence, and improve village life.
Question Talking about the Text
Is freedom from fear more important than legal justice for the poor? Are people free from fear after Independence?
Steps only
Explain why fear can prevent people from seeking justice.
Give a balanced view of present-day conditions.
Answer
Freedom from fear helps people seek justice, and legal rights protect them; independence did not remove every source of fear or inequality.
Question Talking about the Text
What qualities make a good leader? Use Gandhi’s actions in the chapter as examples.
Steps only
Identify qualities shown through actions rather than labels.
Support them with examples from Champaran.
Answer
A good leader listens, checks facts, acts with courage, negotiates fairly, and builds others’ confidence.
Working with Words and Language
Textbook pages
Question Working with Words
List words from the chapter connected with legal procedures and give their meanings.
Steps only
Find terms used in the court case and inquiry.
Explain them in simple language.
Answer
Summons, trial, prosecutor, deposition, evidence, inquiry, and commission are legal-procedure terms.
Question Thinking about Language
Why does the author include direct quotations in the account?
Steps only
Consider whose words are being reported.
Explain the effect of hearing the people speak directly.
Answer
Direct speech makes the account vivid and shows the speakers’ own voices, motives, and reactions.
Question Thinking about Language
Explain the comma use in the three sentences about Gandhi’s visit, the messenger, and the judge.
Steps only
Find whether the when-clause comes before or after the main clause.
Apply the punctuation pattern for introductory subordinate clauses.
Answer
Use a comma when the introductory when-clause comes first; usually omit it when the main clause comes first.
Things to Do
Textbook pages
Question Things to Do
Prepare a short, balanced report on a public issue that affects poorer communities.
Steps only
Choose a documented issue and consult reliable sources.
Separate facts from opinions and include different viewpoints.
End with a reasoned conclusion or possible remedy.
Answer
Use verified facts, explain who is affected, present more than one viewpoint, and propose a fair solution with sources.