Question 1
Three similar-sized guavas together weigh 1 kg. About how much does each weigh?
Share 1 kg equally among 3 guavas: 1÷3.
Answer
About 1/3 kg.
CLASS 6 · GANITA PRAKASH · CHAPTER 7
Learn fractions through equal sharing, number lines, equivalent fractions, comparisons, addition and subtraction.
128 worked answers · short steps first, explanations when you need them
Textbook pages 151–153
Question 1
Share 1 kg equally among 3 guavas: 1÷3.
About 1/3 kg.
Question 2
1÷4=1/4 kg.
1/4 kg.
Question 3
3 glasses÷4 friends=3/4 glass per friend.
3/4 glass each.
Question 4
Rewrite 1/2 as 2/4.
2/4+1/4=3/4.
3/4 kg.
Question 5
In decimal form these are 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.25, 1.5 and 2.5.
Quarter < half < three quarters < one and a quarter < one and a half < two and a half.
Question 6
Ask family members, classmates or teachers for the words they use.
Write each word beside its fraction and note which languages use it.
Answers depend on the languages spoken around you. For example, the textbook notes Hindi “teen paav” and Tamil “mukkaal” for three quarters.
Question unit-fraction-size
Imagine sharing one whole among 100 people, then among 200 people.
With twice as many equal shares, each share is smaller.
1/100 is larger than 1/200.
Textbook pages 154–155
Question 1
Each piece is one of six equal shares of the same whole.
Yes, each is 1/6 of the chikki.
Question 2
One part is 1/4; three parts are 3×1/4.
3/4 of the chikki.
Question 3(a)
Count how many equal-sized copies of this piece would cover the whole.
1/12.
Question 3(b)
Count the equal parts making the whole.
1/4.
Question 3(c)
Count the equal parts making the whole.
1/3.
Question 3(d)
Count the equal parts making the whole.
1/6.
Question 3(e)
Count the equal parts making the whole.
1/8.
Question 3(f)
Count the equal parts making the whole.
1/6.
Question 3(g)
Count the equal parts making the whole.
1/24.
Question 3(h)
Count the equal parts making the whole.
1/24.
Textbook pages 156–158
Question 1
6×1/2=6/2=3.
7×1/2=7/2=3 1/2.
Six halves make 3 wholes; seven halves make 3 1/2 wholes.
Question 2
1/4; 1/4+1/4=2/4; add another 1/4 for 3/4; add one more for 4/4.
1/4; 2/4; 3/4; 4/4=1 whole.
Question 3
Halve each third.
Each half of 1/3 has length 1/6.
Fold each third in half to make six equal parts; each is 1/6.
Question 4(a)
Add five quarter units: 1/4+1/4+1/4+1/4+1/4.
That is 5/4=1 1/4.
5×1/4=5/4=1 1/4 roti.
Question 4(b)
Nine quarter-pieces make 9/4.
Group four quarters into each whole: 9/4=2 1/4.
9×1/4=9/4=2 1/4 rotis.
Question 5
For each picture, count how many equal pieces would cover the whole.
Match denominator 3, 5, 8 or 6 to that count.
Match each picture to the number of equal pieces that fill the whole: 1/3, 1/5, 1/8 or 1/6 respectively.
Question 6
3/8=1/8+1/8+1/8; continue counting eighths.
8/8 makes one whole.
2/8, 3/8, 4/8, 5/8, 6/8, 7/8, 8/8=1.
Textbook pages 159–160
Question 1
Each interval is 1/3.
The second mark is 2 intervals from zero.
2/3.
Question 2
Each step is 1/5.
Count two and four steps from zero.
2/5 and 4/5.
Question 3
Count one, two and three intervals of size 1/8.
1/8, 2/8 and 3/8.
Question 4
Divide 0–1 into 10 equal steps.
Mark the first step, third step and eighth step because 4/5=8/10.
At 1/10, 3/10 and 8/10 (which is 4/5), respectively.
Question 5
Between any two different numbers, you can find another by taking their average.
Repeat this process between 0 and the new fraction.
Infinitely many. For example, between 0 and 1 are 1/2, then between 0 and 1/2 is 1/4, and this can continue forever.
Question 6
Each interval is 1/2.
Three intervals give 3×1/2.
3/2 units.
Question 7
Count fifth-size steps from zero, including the steps after 1.
6/5, 7/5, 8/5 and 9/5.
Question 8
Choose five different proper fractions, for example 1/5, 1/3, 1/2, 3/4 and 9/10.
Place them in increasing order along the line.
One possible set from left to right is 1/5, 1/3, 1/2, 3/4, 9/10. Many answers are correct.
Textbook pages 161–163
Question 1
2/2 makes one whole.
7/2=3 wholes and 1/2 left.
3 whole units.
Question 2(a)
3 thirds make one whole, with 1 third remaining.
1 whole unit.
Question 2(b)
6/3=2 wholes, with 1/3 remaining.
2 whole units.
Question 3(a)
8÷3=2 remainder 2.
2 2/3.
Question 3(b)
11÷5=2 remainder 1.
2 1/5.
Question 3(c)
9÷4=2 remainder 1.
2 1/4.
Question 4
A mixed number has a whole part and a proper fractional part.
For example, 8/4=2 exactly, with no fraction left.
No. An improper fraction that is exactly a whole number, such as 8/4=2, has no nonzero fractional part.
Question 5(a)
9÷2=4 remainder 1.
4 1/2.
Question 5(b)
9÷5=1 remainder 4.
1 4/5.
Question 5(c)
21÷19=1 remainder 2.
1 2/19.
Question 5(d)
47÷9=5 remainder 2.
5 2/9.
Question 5(e)
12÷11=1 remainder 1.
1 1/11.
Question 5(f)
19÷6=3 remainder 1.
3 1/6.
Question 6(a)
3 wholes are 12 quarters.
12/4+1/4=13/4.
13/4.
Question 6(b)
7 wholes are 21 thirds.
21/3+2/3=23/3.
23/3.
Question 6(c)
9×9+4=85.
85/9.
Question 6(d)
3×6+1=19.
19/6.
Question 6(e)
2×11+3=25.
25/11.
Question 6(f)
3×10+9=39.
39/10.
Textbook pages 164–173
Question 1(a)
1/2=3/6 after multiplying top and bottom by 3.
Yes, they have equal length and value.
Question fraction-strip-equivalence
Divide one strip into 3 equal parts and shade one.
Divide an equal strip into 6 equal parts and shade two.
The shaded lengths match.
Yes. 1/3=2/6 because both cover the same length.
Question 1(b)
2/3×2/2=4/6.
Yes.
Question 1(c)
1/2=3/6.
Three pieces of length 1/6.
Question 1(d)
1/3=2/6.
Two pieces of length 1/6.
Question 2
Each simplifies to 1/2.
Yes; all are equal to 1/2.
Question 3
Multiply numerator and denominator by 2, then by 3.
4/12 and 6/18 (also 1/3 in simplest form).
Question 4
Divide numerator and denominator by 17.
1/3.
Question 5
Divide both by 16: 64÷16=4, 144÷16=9.
4/9.
Question 6
Divide both by 21.
6/7.
Question 7
Both numbers divide by 7: 525÷7=75 and 112÷7=16.
75/16.
Question 8
3÷4=3/4.
Check by adding four equal shares: 4×3/4=3 rotis.
Each child gets 3/4 roti; 3÷4=3/4 and 3/4+3/4+3/4+3/4=3.
Question 9
2÷4=2/4=1/2.
Four halves total 2 rotis.
Each child gets 1/2 roti.
Question 10
2÷5=2/5.
2/5 cake each.
Question 11(a)
To double the number of friends and keep each share the same, double the glasses: 5/4=10/8.
10 glasses.
Question 11(b)
4/3=12/x.
The amount is tripled, so the number of bags must be tripled: 3×3=9.
9 bags.
Question 11(c)
Multiply both counts by the same number, such as 2.
14 rotis shared among 10 children is one example.
Question 12
More units are divided among the same number of children.
Each child gets a larger share.
Question 13(a)
Compare 3/4 and 7/10 using denominator 20: 15/20 and 14/20.
3 glasses among 4 children gives more: 3/4 > 7/10.
Question 13(b)
The denominators match; compare numerators 4 and 5.
5 glasses among 7 gives more: 5/7 > 4/7.
Question 13(c)
4/7 and 5/7 have the same denominator, so both are measured in sevenths.
For 3/4 and 7/10, first rename them with a shared denominator such as 20.
The second pair in the activity is easier because both shares use the same number of children, so the denominators already match.
Question 14
Find a common multiple of the denominators.
Multiply each numerator and denominator to reach that denominator.
For example, 3/5 and 7/8 become 24/40 and 35/40 using denominator 40.
Question 15
The same whole is divided into more equal shares.
Each share is smaller because the whole is split into more pieces.
Question 16
First simplify: 4/6=2/3.
Multiply numerator and denominator of 2/3 by the same whole number.
Examples: 2/3=4/6=6/9=8/12=10/15=12/18=….
Question same-unit-a
Use 2×5=10.
7/2=35/10 and 3/5=6/10.
35/10 and 6/10.
Question same-unit-b
Use denominator 6.
8/3=16/6; 5/6 stays 5/6.
16/6 and 5/6.
Question same-unit-c
Use denominator 20.
3/4=15/20 and 3/5=12/20.
15/20 and 12/20.
Question same-unit-d
Use denominator 35.
6/7=30/35; 8/5=56/35.
30/35 and 56/35.
Question same-unit-e
Use denominator 4.
9/4 stays 9/4; 5/2=10/4.
9/4 and 10/4.
Question same-unit-f
Use denominator 90.
1/10=9/90; 2/9=20/90.
9/90 and 20/90.
Question same-unit-g
Use denominator 12.
8/3=32/12; 11/4=33/12.
32/12 and 33/12.
Question same-unit-h
Use denominator 18.
13/6=39/18; 1/9=2/18.
39/18 and 2/18.
Textbook pages 173–174
Question 1(a)
A common denominator is 6: 16/6 and 15/6.
8/3 > 5/2.
Question 1(b)
A common denominator is 63: 28/63 and 27/63.
4/9 > 3/7.
Question 1(c)
A common denominator is 70: 49/70 and 45/70.
7/10 > 9/14.
Question 1(d)
The denominators already match.
12>8.
12/5 > 8/5.
Question 1(e)
Use denominator 4: 9/4 and 10/4.
9/4 < 5/2.
Question 2(a)
Use denominator 30: 21/30, 22/30 and 12/30.
2/5 < 7/10 < 11/15.
Question 2(b)
Use denominator 24: 19/24, 20/24 and 14/24.
7/12 < 19/24 < 5/6.
Question 3(a)
Use denominator 32: 50/32, 28/32, 104/32 and 17/32.
13/4 > 25/16 > 7/8 > 17/32.
Question 3(b)
Use denominator 60: 45/60, 144/60, 35/60 and 75/60.
12/5 > 5/4 > 3/4 > 7/12.
Textbook pages 175–181
Question 1(a)
The fractional unit is the same, so add numerators: 2+5+6=13.
13/7=1 6/7.
Question 1(b)
Common denominator 12: 3/4=9/12 and 1/3=4/12.
9/12+4/12=13/12.
13/12=1 1/12.
Question 1(c)
2/3=4/6.
4/6+5/6=9/6=3/2.
1 1/2.
Question 1(d)
Common denominator 21: 14/21+6/21.
20/21.
Question 1(e)
Common denominator 60: 45/60+20/60+12/60.
Add the numerators: 77.
77/60=1 17/60.
Question 1(f)
Common denominator 15: 10/15+12/15=22/15.
22/15=1 7/15.
Question 1(g)
Common denominator 15: 12/15+10/15.
22/15=1 7/15.
Question 1(h)
Common denominator 40: 24/40+25/40.
49/40=1 9/40.
Question 1(i)
9/2=18/4.
18/4+5/4=23/4.
5 3/4.
Question 1(j)
Common denominator 21: 56/21+6/21.
62/21=2 20/21.
Question 1(k)
Common denominator 60: 45/60+20/60+12/60.
77/60=1 17/60.
Question 1(l)
Common denominator 105: 70/105+84/105+45/105.
Add: 199/105.
199/105=1 94/105.
Question 1(m)
Common denominator 12: 54/12+15/12+14/12.
Add: 83/12.
83/12=6 11/12.
Question 2
Common denominator 12: 8/12+9/12=17/12.
1 5/12 L.
Question 3
Common denominator 20: 8/20+15/20=23/20=1 3/20 m.
1 3/20 m is longer than 1 m.
Yes. They have 1 3/20 m, which is 3/20 m more than needed.
Question 4(a)
Subtract the numerators: 5−3=2.
2/8=1/4.
1/4.
Question 4(b)
7−5=2.
2/9.
Question 4(c)
10−1=9.
9/27=1/3.
1/3.
Question 5(a)
Same denominator: (8−3)/15.
1/3.
Question 5(b)
Convert 2/5 to 6/15.
6/15−4/15=2/15.
2/15.
Question 5(c)
Common denominator 18: 15/18−8/18.
7/18.
Question 5(d)
Common denominator 6: 4/6−3/6.
1/6.
Question 6(a)
Common denominator 12: 10/3=40/12 and 13/4=39/12.
40/12−39/12=1/12.
1/12.
Question 6(b)
Common denominator 15: 23/3=115/15 and 18/5=54/15.
115/15−54/15=61/15.
4 1/15.
Question 6(c)
(45−29)/7=16/7.
2 2/7.
Question 7(a)
1/2=5/10.
7/10−5/10=2/10=1/5 km.
She walks 1/5 km.
Question 7(b)
10/3=40/12 and 13/4=39/12.
Difference=1/12 minute.
Namit is quicker by 1/12 minute.
Question worked-chikki-add
Rewrite 1/2 as 2/4.
Together: 2/4+1/4=3/4.
Remaining: 1−3/4=1/4.
They eat 3/4 of the chikki, so 1/4 remains.
Question worked-same-unit-add
For fifths: 2/5+1/5=3/5.
For sevenths: 4/7+6/7=10/7=1 3/7.
The sums are 3/5 and 1 3/7.
Question worked-different-unit-add
1/4+1/3=3/12+4/12=7/12.
2/3+1/5=10/15+3/15=13/15.
1/6+1/3=1/6+2/6=3/6=1/2.
The sums are 7/12, 13/15 and 1/2.
Question worked-same-unit-subtract
Remove four of the six seventh-sized parts.
6/7−4/7=2/7.
2/7.
Question worked-different-unit-subtract
Use twelfths: 3/4=9/12 and 2/3=8/12.
9/12−8/12=1/12.
1/12.
Textbook pages 182–185
Question history-notation
“Bhinna” means broken; “bhaga” or “ansha” means part or piece.
The chapter explains that the notation for fractions we use today originated in India.
“Bhinna” means broken, and the text traces today’s fraction notation to India before it spread more widely.
Question different-unit-pairs
The largest unit fraction is 1/2.
If the two unit fractions are different, at least one is smaller than 1/2; the other is at most 1/2.
Their sum must therefore be less than 1.
No. Two different unit fractions cannot add to 1.
Question three-distinct-units
Start with 1/2+1/3=5/6.
The missing part is 1−5/6=1/6.
1/2+1/3+1/6=1.
Question four-distinct-units
For example, 1/2+1/3 leaves 1/6; split 1/6 into two distinct unit fractions in each possible way.
Other starting pairs give the remaining cases. Verify each sum with a common denominator.
The six sets are: 1/2+1/3+1/7+1/42; 1/2+1/3+1/8+1/24; 1/2+1/3+1/9+1/18; 1/2+1/3+1/10+1/15; 1/2+1/4+1/5+1/20; and 1/2+1/4+1/6+1/12.